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  2. Discovered byGalileo Galilei
    Discovery date8 January 1610

    Io (moon) - Wikipedia

    • Io orbits Jupiter at a distance of 421,700 km (262,000 mi) from Jupiter's center and 350,000 km (217,000 mi) from its cloudtops. It is the innermost of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter, its orbit lying between those of Thebe and Europa. Including Jupiter's inner satellites, Io is the fifth moon out from Jupiter. It takes Io about 42.5 hours (1.77 days) to complete one or… See more

    The Mystery and Magnificence of Io, Jupiter's Innermost Moon
    The Mystery and Magnificence of Io, Jupiter's Innermost Moon
    The Volcanic Moon of Jupiter: Io
    The Volcanic Moon of Jupiter: Io
    Overview

    Io , or Jupiter I, is the innermost and second-smallest of the four Galilean moons of the planet Jupiter. Slightly larger than Earth's moon, Io is the fourth-largest moon in the Solar System, has the highest density of any moon, … See more

    Nomenclature

    Although Simon Marius is not credited with the sole discovery of the Galilean satellites, his names for the moons were adopted. In his 1614 publication Mundus Iovialis anno M.DC.IX Detectus Ope Perspicilli Belgici, he propose… See more

    Observational history

    The first reported observation of Io was made by Galileo Galilei on 7 January 1610 using a 20x-power, refracting telescope at the University of Padua. However, in that observation, Galileo could not separate Io and … See more

    Interaction with Jupiter's magnetosphere

    Io plays a significant role in shaping Jupiter's magnetic field, acting as an electric generator that can develop 400,000 volts across itself and create an electric current of 3 million amperes, releasing ions that give Ju… See more

    Geology

    Io is slightly larger than Earth's Moon. It has a mean radius of 1,821.3 km (1,131.7 mi) (about 5% greater than the Moon's) and a mass of 8.9319×10 kg (about 21% greater than the Moon's). It is a slight ellipsoid in shape, wit… See more

    Atmosphere

    Io has an extremely thin atmosphere consisting mainly of sulfur dioxide (SO 2), with minor constituents including sulfur monoxide (SO), sodium chloride (NaCl), and atomic sulfur and oxygen. The atmosphere has signific… See more

     
  1. Io Facts - Science@NASA

  2. Io - NASA Science

    WEBThe web page for Io, one of Jupiter's moons, has been deleted or moved. You can return to the main NASA Science site or contact NASA for feedback.

  3. Io: A guide to Jupiter's volcanic moon | Space

    WEBOct 26, 2022 · Learn about Io, the most volcanically active world in the solar system, and how it affects Jupiter's magnetic field and auroras. Find out its age, size, orbit, composition, missions and more.

  4. Io | Surface, Volcanoes, & Facts | Britannica

  5. Io Volcano Observer: Following the Heat and Hunting Clues to

  6. Io: Exploration - Science@NASA

    WEBIo: Exploration. Most of what we know about Io comes from Galileo spacecraft, which made a detailed study of the Jupiter system—including Io—from orbit from December 1995 to September 2006, but it was …

  7. Jupiter's moon Io is a volcanic hellscape—and has …

    WEBApr 18, 2024 · Jupiter's moon Io is a volcanic hellscape—and has been since the solar system began. Io is the most volcanic body known to science, and researchers have puzzled over its history for years. A...

  8. NASA’s Juno to Get Close Look at Jupiter’s Volcanic Moon Io on …

  9. Jupiter's Supervolcanic Moon Io Dazzles in Photos …

    WEBFeb 5, 2024 · NASA’s Juno spacecraft successfully made the second of two close flybys of Io, the most volcanic moon in the solar system, on February 3, giving scientists their best look at this satellite...